It is a cool-season, perennial bunching grass. Tab will move on to the next part of the site rather than go through menu items. Accessibility Statement This results in a reduction in grass nutritional value if harvested to maximize the alfalfa yield, because the two species mature at different rates. The simple solution is to choose late-maturing orchardgrass varieties, but this can be easier said than done. Orchardgrass is usually easy to establish in either early spring or late summer. 0000069077 00000 n Production and cutting frequency are greatly affected by soil moisture, soil temperature, soil fertility, and disease incidence. The name "Johnsongrass" refers to Colonel William Johnson, who introduced this species to his river-bottom farm in Alabama in the 1840s. Latar is not as winter hearty as other varieties. Copyright, USU Library - 3000 Old Main Hill - Logan UT 84322 - 435.797.0816. a?T700M gV1aTA:a54H4 ]ga.``w[a= L^>w.0 8Kz endstream endobj 14 0 obj<>/Metadata 11 0 R>> endobj 16 0 obj<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>>> endobj 17 0 obj<> endobj 18 0 obj<> endobj 19 0 obj<> endobj 20 0 obj<> endobj 21 0 obj<> endobj 22 0 obj<> endobj 23 0 obj<> endobj 24 0 obj<> endobj 25 0 obj<>stream For increased palatability, cut at the heading out stage. Aug 14, 2010. Harvesting the spring growth of orchardgrass at late-boot to early-head stage will produce higher quality forage than allowing the plant to mature further. The site navigation utilizes arrow, enter, escape, and space bar key commands. 0000074829 00000 n For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Leaf blade collars remain nested in the base of the shoot and there is no evidence of sheath elongation or culm development. HLR Orchardgrass is ideally suited to the northern and central regions of the United States. Orchardgrass is easy to establish and has a more dense root system than smooth bromegrass, timothy or bluegrass. Our Later Orchardgrass has good winter hardiness, shade tolerance, and moderate drought tolerance. If timothy is seeded with a legume, eliminate nitrogen (N) application at seeding. If plants are continually grazed short, they will be weakened and stands may be depleted. It is important to remove the grass cuttings from your orchard grassland, if they are allowed to rot down they will enrich your soil which can lead to a loss in plant diversity. Orchardgrass is responsive to fertilizer, especially nitrogen (N), and becomes very competitive when adequate nutrients are available. If soil fertility is low, a large proportion of the total production of orchardgrass occurs in spring, whereas with proper fertility and split applications of nitrogen, aftermath production may contribute from 35 to 65 percent of total production. The best and most practical means of controlling diseases, hence improving animal performance and stand persistence, is to plant varieties that are resistant or highly tolerant to foliar diseases. Latar Orchardgrass is an excellent choice for . Late heading cultivars provide one potential solution. Because it is non-toxic, stands that lose vigor can be over-seeded in fall, at a rate of about 15 pounds per acre. H\0FXlKi!4Jq.UtH`Ka&y~QylaQ~ps!!+vyPme pJ?29]~g'BU19c/.>Kp6p Late heading varieties therefore can provide more flexibility in management options. 0000004600 00000 n Tillers are new grass shoots, made up of successive segments called phytomers, which are composed of a growing point (apical meristem which may turn into a seed head), a stem, leaves, roots nodes, and latent buds; all of which can rise from crown tissue . Perennial ryegrass is often utilized for winter overseeding on golf course fairways and teeboxes, athletic fields, and high . Rolling after seeding ensures even germination and emergence. BWz.$!NB4F/X/Lc#:bd^@$0gCI-H[~U0S[3a Though many popular orchardgrass varieties are early maturing, producing seedheads before alfalfa reaches the late-bud stage. However, fall seedings are more successful because the cool fall weather is more suitable for timothy growth, and weeds are less of a problem. Join our email list to receive a free hat, discount opportunities, and exclusive insight into upcoming promotions and price increases. 0000007592 00000 n Thus, there is a need to better understand the genetic basis of flowering time in orchardgrass and develop late-flowering populations. trailer <]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 15 0 obj<>stream Pasture managementWhen managed properly, orchardgrass will produce excellent results in pasture programs for dairy and beef. The boot stage is defined as the time when the seedhead is enclosed within the sheath of the flag leaf. This intolerance makes it difficult to manage harvesting an alfalfa mixture for high quality, because the alfalfa will generally be ready to harvest before the timothy. Once established, it is a very persistent species. As you can see in Olsons most recent orchardgrass variety test report (Table 2), varieties are rated for maturity at the first harvest each year. 0000090531 00000 n Late summer seedings, however, have been most successful in Pennsylvania. Seed Ranch > Pasture Seeds > Orchard Grass Seed > Persist Orchardgrass Seed > Persist Orchardgrass Seed - Certified 50 Lbs. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a perennial, cool-season, tall-growing, grass which does not have rhizomes or stolons (bunch-type grass). Oats are the most common companion crop, but early removal for silage or by grazing is necessary to reduce competition for light and moisture. long with two to five flowered spikelets in dense side clusters. Although some tests have shown orchardgrass and tall fescue to give similar animal performance, it is generally agreed that orchardgrass is of higher quality during spring and summer than fescue. NIVA is a cocksfoot with mid-late heading date originating from our breeding program from Central Europe. Call our office with any questions (800-552-1027). Cultipacker seeders and grain drills work well if the seedbed is firm and the seed is covered to a depth not exceeding inch. The inflorescence is a panicle up to 6 inches (15 cm.) Grass stands harvested at the boot stage (before seedhead emergence) will have increased yield over vegetative stands, but the quality is lower. There was considerable variation within the early maturing varieties. Unfortunately the term has many synonyms and is sometimes confusing. Prepared by Marvin H. Hall, assistant professor of agronomy, Penn State, and Jerry H. Cherney, associate professor of agronomy, Cornell University. A soil pH between 6.0-7.0 is best for timothy. Conception rate of the cows was 18 percentage points higher on the orchardgrass pastures. Well mowed grass and a fairly clean weed strip is the most effective mouse management program. One undesirable trait is that forage quality of spring growth declines rapidly as maturity increases. A small grain and field pea companion crop may provide too much competition when establishing an alfalfa-timothy mixture. | Management systems that include harvesting at early heading, in combination with high N fertilization rates, consistently reduce timothy stands. Timothy will tolerate moderately continuous grazing, but rotational grazing with a minimum recovery period of 3 weeks will improve production and persistence. View all agriculture and environment programs, Continuing Education for Health Professions, Living a Healthy Life with Chronic Conditions, Agricultural Business and Policy Extension, Exceed - Regional Economic and Entrepreneurial Development, Mid-America Trade Adjustment Assistance Center, Missouri Small Business Development Centers, Missouri Procurement Technical Assistance Centers, Veterinary Extension and Continuing Education, Missouri Council for Activity and Nutrition, equal opportunity/access/affirmative action/pro-disabled and veteran employer. Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a bunch-type, tall-growing, cool-season perennial grass. . Graze to 3 to 4 inches and rest at least 28 days in between rotations. Crude protein levels in well-fertilized hay harvested at early heading, range from 10% to 18%, but drop rapidly after heading to about 8%. Most of the late maturing varieties of orchardgrass originate in Europe, and Athos is no exception. Department of Crop and Soil Science Considering accurate parameters for an autotetraploid orchardgrass, three significant markers from two candidate genes were identified. Under dry land conditions, it usually develops distinct clumps and flower culms 15 to 18 inches tall. The bunch-type growth characteristic and shade tolerance combine to make orchardgrass well adapted to grow with competitive tall growing legumes such as alfalfa and red clover. Tennessee. It is a bunch grass that produces an open sod and produces excellent quality forage. I suggest high-tensile woven wire as perimeter fence. Several research studies have demonstrated higher animal intake and better animal performance from orchardgrass pasture as compared with tall fescue pasture, especially during spring and early summer. Athos ranked number one in yield in the official NIAB forage grazing trials in the UK. Latar is a late maturing, hay-type orchardgrass. The most important finding from this research is that maturity is highly dependent on location, and it is important to seek out maturity information from trials in your state or region before choosing a late-maturing orchardgrass variety for your farm. A pasture mixture that has performed well in Pennsylvania is 8 lb of Kentucky bluegrass plus 4 lb each of smooth bromegrass and timothy and 1 lb of white clover. The stand never went away and stayed nice and thick. Next part of the art trail continued to Ngee Ann City shopping complex where a fountain serves as the centerpiece of the vast forecourt. Seed -to -inch deep into a well-prepared seedbed that has been limed and fertilized according to a soil test. > Orchardgrass has 416,000 seeds per pound. 0000004576 00000 n These grasses include timothy, orchard grass, and brome grass--all introduced species--and native Canada wildrye, redtop, and June grass, which is also called blue grass. Close grazing can be especially detrimental during hot weather. Amba is a fast establishing early variety bred for high forage production right from the start. Fencing.This will be one of the biggest, if not the single biggest expense. Getz, Megan Marie, "Development of Late-Heading Orchardgrass Germplasm" (2022). In Pennsylvania, timothy makes relatively little yield after the first harvest because of its intolerance to the hot and dry conditions that prevail during summers. Persist is easily . Seedings of orchardgrass can also be made with broadcast equipment such as fertilizer trucks, buggies or tractor-mounted distribution. Should You Be Concerned about Hay Fields That Didn't Get Mowed in Fall? Early stand depletion has been one of the major complaints from farmers. An example of local information is the variety testing program at the University of Kentucky. 4 0 obj The time for harvesting the plants depends upon the use. Most Missouri orchardgrass is seeded with a companion legume as shown in the accompanying table. Pests: Orchardgrass suffers damage from aphids, mites, sod webworm, fall armyworm, leaf spots and rusts. Download Technical Bulletin: HLR Download Supplemental Flyer: F-53 HLR Orchardgrass Many texts and producers refer to ""boot stage"" because of its implication to quality harvesting. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. However, fescue is of higher quality in fall, especially after frost. There are a wide variety of orchardgrass growing conditions suitable for this tolerant plant. Orchardgrass does not exhibit as much tolerance to drought or winter hardiness as tall fescue and bromegrass. Caution must be used not to bury the seed after broadcast seeding. I buy locally grown orchard grass hay. After they harvest this corn I plan on trying to plant a stand of orchard grass and was looking for any tips you might have. 0000016746 00000 n Culm internodes also commence elongatation in an ""un-telescoping"" manner beginning with the lowermost internode thereby raising the meristematic zone (floral bud and leaf bases) to a vulnerable position. Palatability, as measured by grazing preference, was higher for orchardgrass than either tall fescue, bromegrass, or bluegrass. Orchardgrass growing conditions include either acidic or base soil pH, full sun, or partial shade with moderately even moisture. However, this late fall growth will be less acceptable to cattle than tall fescue. Use no more than 60% of the annual growth during the winter season or 50% during the growing season. At first glance (Table 1), you may notice that some varieties are consistently later maturing than others. The principal perennial grassy weeds in lawns include Bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon ), nimblewill ( Muhlenbergia schreberi ), quackgrass ( Elymus repens ), wild fescue ( Festuca pratensis ), and in certain cases, zoysiagrass ( Zoysia spp.). When using pure stands for hay, it is imperative that nitrogen be applied in combination with adequate phosphorous and potassium. This growth can be used for pasture, hay, greenchop or silage. This provides the more tender shoots with the highest nutrition available for browsing animals. 0000065774 00000 n Features Intermediate-flowering <> At high rates of nitrogen, orchardgrass is among the most productive of the cool-season grasses in Pennsylvania. As with close grazing, close cutting can lead to stand reduction. Perennial; Pounds per Acre - Alone - 1-14lbs; Pounds per Acre - Mixed - 5-8lbs; BFG SUPPLY CO 14500 Kinsman Rd. 0000090216 00000 n Frost Seeding Switchgrass. . 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