This may, for example, involve lifting up the flap on the girt bar, and pulling the detach handle. Various forms of indicators, such as lights, flags and pins with ribbons are used to indicate an armed condition.[10]. However, not all of these documents or standards are specific to aircraft access and will need to be interpreted in the light of the task and the law, as summarised earlier. What can we see in terms of the general dimensions of Y1, in this respect? Also, new units are usually constructed of urethane materials and impregnated or coated with an aluminized coating so that the slide will survive for a short while even if fire is nearby. CV jumbo This allows for the prompt dispatch of the plane at one end, and an equally prompt disembarking process at the other. Which electrical bus provides the power to charge the Internal Batteries for the Emergency Light System? In particular aircraft structures and components are subject to stringent design requirements, and attachment points can only be provided according to manufacturer's specifications and approval. If the exit is located over the wing, the step-down outside the airplane may not exceed 27 inches. Aircraft Cargo Door Opening/Sill Details for Ground Support Equipment Interface AIR1673B . Cabin / Interior Dimensions: Cabin / Interior Width: 120.1 to 122.5 inches (approximate) Cabin / Interior Height: 83 inches +- approximate. Anchorages need to be proof tested when installed and when any usage changes. We are looking for clear, consistent procedures, signals and communication which can be applied at all airports for each aircraft type, as far as this is possible. Typically, aircraft fly around 35,000 or 36,000 feet above sea level. However, a planes engines need oxygen in order to function, so flying too high can also cause problems. 11 There are 3 main types of aircraft door: 1) Passenger cabin access doors These doors are used for: Passenger access and egress Servicing the aircraft eg catering 2) Overwing (emergency. On older aircraft, such as the Boeing 737, this is done physically by the cabin crew and on most other aircraft it involves pushing a lever on the door itself which arms the door internally. Did you know how aircraft doors worked? Particularly a SunCountry 737-800 ? Steps or air bridges should be positioned outside the door before it is opened to provide some fall protection, even if guard rails cannot be fully positioned until the door is fully open. Learn more about our use of cookies in our, Unisex President Franklin D. Roosevelt T-Shirt (Multiple Colors), Unisex Equal Access Everywhere T-Shirt (Multiple Colors), Wheelchair Must Be Loaded Upright Keychain/Baggage Tag, how to prevent damage to power wheelchairs on airplanes. Any reason why? One end has a buckle to connect to attachments on the aircraft's wings. Based in Norwich, UK. In such circumstances the use of personal fall protection equipment connected to a suitable anchorage point may be an acceptable solution, if there are no alternative means of protection. with the appropriate length fuel line that can 1) The Work at Height Regulations 2005 SI 2005 No735, 2) SIM 05/2002/52 - Safe external access and working platforms at aircraft during maintenance, 3) SIM 05/2008/02 - Safe access to aircraft for catering operations, 5)OC 282/30- Inspection of fall arrest equipment made from webbing or rope, 6) OC 234/11 - Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998, 7) INDG 367 Inspection of fall arrest equipment made of webbing or rope. To meet this, all evacuation units need to deploy in less than 10 seconds. What rights do airline passengers with disabilities have in Europe? 3 of 4 main doors are closed - either engine is running - ground/air logic sense airborne or both thrust levers above 53% OXYGEN Flight Crew oxygen : One oxygen bottle in the aft E&E bay, must be pressurized 1100psi for the first flight 1000psi thereafter. The IATA Airport Handling Manual 29th edition 2009 AHM 430 recommends that cabin access doors, ie passenger entrance and service doors, shall be operated by specially trained and qualified staff either inside or outside the aircraft, as instructed by the carrier. Over 42,000 flights take place every day, with 5,000 planes in the sky at any one time, according to the FAA. **Laboratory Testing**\ Should this also fail, standard operating procedures require the cabin crew to send passengers away from the door and to one that has a functioning escape slide. Both MUST be fully conversant with the signals or codes to be used. The entire, self-contained slide pack is approximately 3ft (0.91m) wide, 2.5ft (0.76m) long and about 1ft (0.30m) high, depending on aircraft type. This is why when you are on a long flight, you will . 2) the availability and adequacy of any existing fall protection measures including guarding and personal fall protection systems. nose up position due to the loss of landing gear), the slide will inflate normally but will also inflate several feet of additional slide to ensure the slide reaches the ground. A groundbreaking concept in the air. Tail and Winglet closeups with beautiful airline logos. A centrifugal pump has the following dimensions: d2 = 42 cm, L = 5 cm, and $\beta 2=33^{\circ}$. Both military and civil versions, Blimps / Airships On the ground, the packs can receive compressed air from a ________, the APU, or the engines. While HSE is aiming for maximum protection for ground workers at airports, the airlines responsibility for cabin crew must also be considered, with consistent procedures to facilitate training. This is for guidance only; any enforcement should be determined by the circumstances found on site. The practice of differentiating between the precautions required for high falls and low falls will no longer apply. Gravity will then pull the slide to the ground and it will inflate. How do wheelchair users get on airplanes? Most of the time, flight attendants seamlessly operate these structures. 57 The risk of a fall will depend on various factors including: 1) procedures in place for opening aircraft doors. 9) Preventing falls from boom-type mobile elevating work platforms HSE Information Sheet MISC 614, 10) Preventing falls from mobile elevating work platforms and selection and use of fall protection equipment OC 314/20, 12) Memorandum of Understanding between HSE and CAA, 13) BS EN 1915 Aircraft ground support equipment - general requirements Part 1: Basic safety requirements. They should also have sufficient authority to take any necessary action if a situation of imminent danger is identified. Employees using fall protection equipment should be trained in its safe use, including user equipment checks. Assuming a 3,730-U.S. gallon (14,120-liter) An airplane altimeter is a gauge that indicates the height of the plane above the ground. These restraints are constructed so that when the slide becomes fairly rigid, at around 1.5 to 2psi (0.10 to 0.14atm), they detach very quickly (there are usually two), and since the header tubes are already against the fuselage, the slide pops almost horizontally out from the door, then drops relatively gently to the ground. 51 Advice on access to aircraft can be sought from the Transportation Section in East Grinstead (503 4200) who are prepared to provide expert evidence on standards of safe access, if required. 47 Standards for ground support equipment (GSE) are given in BS EN 1915-1:2001 Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1: basic safety requirements. Whereas, I think the 737 looks very short and squatty. Many travelers have been surprised at the airport when they are told that their power wheelchair will not fit. Copyright 2023 Pilot Institute. 4) the surface on which the person is standing whilst working, including its integrity, angle, its level of slip resistance and the actual surface area available. For large, wide body aircraft such as A380s and B747s a successful deployment is complete in about five to seven seconds, depending on conditions (such as temperature and winds). The cylinder's volume can be between 100 and 1,000 cubic inches (1.6 and 16.4 litres), pressurized to about 3,000 pounds per square inch (200 standard atmospheres) with either gaseous Nitrogen (N2), or a mixture of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Nitrogen. This packaging is normally inside in a slide bustle, a protruding part on the inside of an aircraft door that varies with aircraft size, door size and door location. 15 Aircraft doors should only be operated by door trained personnel such as trained ground staff, cabin crew, engineers or other competent workers. We thank you for your support and hope you'll join the largest aviation community on the web. In some emergencies, such as a rapid decompression, pilots want to return to a lower altitude as quickly as possibe. When installed in the aircraft, a girt bar is put through the center, outside end of the girt and attached to the interior floor, just inside and in front of the exit door. Prior to departure (usually before engine startup), all the aircraft doors are placed into the armed (or automatic) mode by the cabin crew. 10 Some airlines have already introduced door nets to protect against falls from open doors. It is not essential for aircraft to avoid bad weather, but it is a good idea. All new evacuation slides are tested on a mock-up of an aircraft exit door and filmed prior to being certified as airworthy and delivered to a customer. Any standard fuel truck (i.e., hydrant/tanker) Figure 6. 65 Requirements of the Air Navigation Order should be taken into consideration, in relation to the requirements to avoid endangering an aircraft or compromising aircraft or flight safety. What is the height from the ground to the bottom of the cargo door on a KC-135? These are usually cylindrical, hollow aluminum tubes with sliding cylindrical or internal flapper doors that open when high pressure gas is applied, and close when the gas stream subsides and the internal slide back pressure reaches about 2.5 - 3.0 psi. Electrical anti-ice is operated for all flight operations to inhibit ice build up. There are a number of Annexes to the MoU on specific areas. A slide/raft also functions as a life raft in a landing on water and therefore are required to include sea survival specific features such as; an erectable canopy, righting aids and survival packs containing items such as leak stoppers, paddles and flares. Signals must be clearly understood by all parties and there should be positive confirmation by a pre-agreed signal that the bridge is fully in position and the door can be opened. [13] On the primary entrance door, 1L, some of these aircraft have stairs that are either connected to the door or drop down. Journalist - A graduate in German, Jake has a passion for aviation history, and enjoys sampling new carriers and aircraft even if doing so demands an unorthodox itinerary. Waste tank negative pressure is provided by cabin differential air when the aircraft is above ______. There should also be a suitable procedure for the closing of the door and retraction of the air bridge. stairs and bridges are common with 767 and A farmer has 19 sheep All but 7 die How many are left? But small aircraft such as those flown by private pilots cannot fly this high, and usually do not go above 10,000 feet. Type I Slides and Type II Slide/Rafts both function the same on land allowing descent from the door to the ground. While jet engines operate well at high altitudes, the same is not true of piston engines, which are typically used for light aircraft of the type flown by most private pilots. The assessment should recognise the potential for serious injury arising from low falls as well as high falls. How to request wheelchair assistance at the airport? . 16 Open aircraft doors must be protected by effective fall prevention barriers, ground support equipment or other means. Minimum theoretical pavement width for a 180 turn? The regulating valve mechanically meters out the gas at a pressure of roughly 300 to 600 pounds per square inch (20 to 41atm) and a rate of about 4 cubic feet (0.11m3) per minute. Lastly, flying high gives you more time to act in the unlikely event of an emergency in flight. 41 Every employer has a duty to protect so far as is reasonably practicable the health and safety of their employees whilst working at a height. Before removing GSE the Equipment operator must ensure that the door has been closed and secured by an authorised person, or that a clearly visible safety device has been placed across the opening. Flying higher means that commercial airplanes can avoid most other airborne traffic. 38.70 m / 127 ft 0 in Overall length Sometimes, this seems to happen by itself, as was reportedly the case with a Pakistan International Airlines ATR 42 while landing in Sukkur last year. What does this mean emulate what you respect in your friends? I realize the 757 is intended to be a larger aircraft, but I don't know what purpose is served by the high and low positions of each respective design. Moderators: richierich, ua900, PanAm_DC10, hOMSaR, Military Aircraft Posted on August 27, 2021 - 5 minute read. (4) Type IV. It can signify the optimism of beginning a new trip, or the excitement of having arrived somewhere new, or welcomingly familiar. Stay informed:Sign up for ourdailyandweeklyaviation news digests! White blood cell engulfing a bacterium is called __. FUEL RECEPTACLE GROUND HEIGHT Figure 7 Assuming a 3,730-U.S. gallon (14,120-liter) reserve, the 787-8 can be refueled to capacity in 35 to 60 minutes, depending on the fuel pressure. Piston engines do not operate well in thin air, and this is one of the reasons why most small planes fly at altitudes of below 15,000 feet. The Boeing spec sheet lists 9'-00" at OEW and 8'-06" at MTW for a B738. 25 These are part of the aircraft structure and are invariably operated by the cabin crew. Commercial airplanes usually fly above the troposphere, which is the part of the atmosphere where weather events usually happen. Where possible the door should be closed before the steps are moved away from the aircraft. If the door is opened in emergency mode at an abnormal attitude (e.g. One of the newest developments in evacuation slide technology can be found on the Airbus A380, which was developed by Goodrich Aircraft Interior Products. Taking the FWD entry door sill height as an example. Methods of arming vary from aircraft to aircraft, but ultimately the girt bar (a metal bar attached to the door end of the slide) is physically attached to brackets either in or adjacent to the door sill. It also minimizes the risk of accidental opening. Schweiss Doors will not accept responsibility for errors or omissions or their consequences. The 737 was originally designed to fly to airports that weren't handling jet aircraft, so there was a set of airstairs that stowed under the L1 door. 62 The long term aim should be better designed access equipment, better guarding, and improved design of aircraft doors and their opening mechanisms. Most of the time, flight attendants seamlessly operate these structures. . Thanks guys. The Boeing 737 is designed to fill the smaller jet airliners space over a given range of seats. The minimum for these large jets would sit around . During test flights this maximum is exceeded slightly to verify the that airplane remains safe should it have cause to ascend from that limit. a fueling panel with two receptacles, each rated Door opening procedures should be monitored and assessed and refresher training undertaken at suitable intervals, or if there are any incidents or changes to procedures. NOTE: All passenger cabin doors may be used for emergency evacuation, Cargo and hold doors are not included in this guidance. Should this system fail, the slide can be manually inflated by the cabin crew by pulling a manual inflation handle at the top of the slide. They are usually about the same width and height as a seat. The flight took off once all . However, legally planes must be at least 1000 feet above any object on the ground, and must be able to land clear of any congested area in the event of an engine failure. Each nut that was opened resulted in one kernel and two shell halves. A fueling control panel He was carrying a bag holding 12 dozen nuts. 24 The Turnround Plan should ensure that all ground staff have completed their tasks and left the aircraft or can exit safely using passenger steps before doors are closed and steps removed. Every type from fighters to helicopters from air forces around the globe, Classic Airliners Passenger cabin shots showing seat arrangements as well as cargo aircraft interior, Cargo Aircraft Doors Dimensions: Main Entry Door (front right): 34 by 72 inches Fuel Receptacle Such incidents are rare, but not completely infrequent. Specific requirements for different types of GSE are in BS EN 12312 (see Appendix 1 ). Engine anti-ice is supplied to the _______. Views from inside the cockpit, Aircraft Cabins minute) at 55 pounds per square inch (psi) gauge AIRCRAFT MODEL: WINGSPAN: . Noah's ark of the skies: Big or small, domesticated or not, Cargolux has solid expertise in transporting live animals across the world. There are also half-tie restraints which keep the inflating slide from drooping or blowing under the aircraft. 8) Mobile elevating work platforms - User safety guide. There should be checks of all equipment (vehicles, platforms, guard rails, harnesses, etc.) Typically, this will involve providing guarded access equipment and fall protection equipment. The air becomes thinner as the altitude increases, and thin air creates less drag on the aircraft. -N60659 RE: Question About 737 Door Height From Ground #4427985 CHENNAI/NEW DELHI/BENGALURU: An emergency exit of an Indigo flight was accidentally unlocked by a passenger last month while the aircraft was on the ground, delaying it for over two hours. 6) there are damage or defects to access equipment or fall protection equipment which give rise to significant risks an Improvement Notice should be considered. book answer is 10 feet. The left wing has Use of the aircraft attachment points may be used as a means of averting damage to the aircraft door frames and other important parts. Signals may include `thumbs up' or a code of knocking on the door. The next widebody, DC-10 can be found at Data not published, based on our estimates, center aisle. In many modern planes, to reduce evacuation time, evacuation slides deploy automatically when a door is opened in an "armed" condition. Probably seats or so are the only thing they share.. take a look at the cross sections, the 757 is a very different airplane from the 737. There are certain rules for exactly where airliners can fly, and the direction of travel can affect what altitude they will climb to. 35 to 60 minutes, depending on the fuel pressure. Where current equipment and guarding are obviously inadequate, we should be asking for immediate improvements. Thanks for any help or direction where i can find this answer If you look on page 45 of this document, the table states the height of the Fwd passenger Entry Door in 9ft off the ground and the Aft Passenger Entry Door is 10ft 3in off the ground for the 737-800. This may mean modifying the equipment or using fall restraint equipment in the short term. Escape slides are the reference means of compliance with the regulation although some cargo aircraft use different methods. Slides are required on all passenger carrying aircraft where the door sill height (measured as the normal height above ground level) is such that able bodied passengers would be unable to jump or "step down" from the exit without a significant risk of injury. Aircraft flying government officials, Helicopters This is why when you are cruising in an airliner, it is usually bright and sunny, with all the cloud and rain below you. height: 13'2 - 4.01 mtr Below the link to the Boeing manual: http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/acaps/757_23.pdf Regards, Marcel van Noordenne Reply AZguy says: November 14, 2017 at 09:02 does not give the interior width Reply 38 Where a company has specialist equipment, including equipment designed and constructed for use with only one type of aircraft or limited types, staff should be sufficiently competent to recognise and select the right equipment for the aircraft and task at hand. An open door displays in _____. This type of slide is in the aircraft's tailcone, and deploys after the tailcone is jettisoned by flight attendants, allowing for evacuation through the rear of the airframe. Aircraft doors are designed to be used on the ground, where they are not subjected to the pressure difference found at altitude. If it is not possible to open the door with such a platform in place, further precautions as detailed in the guidance must be utilised. For B767-200 the answer is from 4.14m to 4.50 (height to the door, not strictly the cockpit, for which max and min should be slightly more extreme due to distance from centre of Continue Reading 10 It all makes sense when you know the reasons for it! The distance from ground to belly is in the range of 188 to 208 cm for classical 747-s - except for 747SP, which stands taller, the landing gear of 747SP is higher and the underbelly is higher from ground than on 747 classic. Batteries that appear to be damaged or leaking may be removed and separately packaged by the carrier. Communication is again paramount. Aircraft painted in beautiful and original liveries, Airport Overviews 49 Documents which give general advice on working at heights are listed at Appendix 1 . It can be installed as a stand-alone unit or integrated into the aircraft systems and powered from aircraft power. All a snowbound skier had to cat were walnuts! It rotates at 1200 rpm, and the head generated is 52 m of water. 18 Passenger doors may be accessed via air bridges, mobile access steps or integral aircraft steps. The CO2 is used to slow down the rate at which the valve expends the gases. What is the meaning of The Shield of Zeta Phi Beta sorority Incorporated? How do I report Air Carrier Access Act violations? So again, there has to be a balance, which accounts for the altitudes generally used. All Rights Reserved. These include the Boeing 767, Boeing 757, and Airbus A320-series aircraft. Tail Height: 18.5 Metres(60 feet 9 inches) 18.5 Metres(60 feet 9 inches) 18.6 Metres(61 feet 1 inch) 18.5 Metres(60 feet 8 inch) 18.5 Metres(60 feet 8 inch) . Moderators: richierich, ua900, PanAm_DC10, hOMSaR, Military Aircraft When the cover is released and the inflation system activated, the two aspirators come shooting out of the pack, gulping vast quantities of air and restrained only by the fabric tubes to which they are securely fastened. 20 These may be provided by the ground handler, the airport or the airline operator and should be designed to be compatible with the aircraft type, and to provide adequate protection from risk of falls. Representatives of airlines, airports and ground handlers have worked with HSE in the development of this guidance. 61 Where inspectors find failings of management systems such as: 1) absence of suitable risk assessments; and/or, 2) inadequate arrangements for planning, organising, control etc; and/or, 4) employees are not following safe practices while opening/ closing aircraft doors; and/or, 5) there is a lack of suitably guarded access equipment; and/or. This protects the chamber from catastrophic failure due to over pressurizing. Such nets or restraint systems must be adequately tested and secured. 63 A failure by inspectors to take enforcement action where the EMM and local factors indicate such action to be appropriate may have a negative impact upon employers' attitudes. Additionally, Flight Attendants receive extensive safety training that covers the use of evacuation slides. During transit or during maintenance visits, the aircraft doors may need to remain open for a number of reasons. 13 If it is necessary to approach an unguarded edge to open or close a door, consideration should be given to additional protection such as door nets or personal fall protection (see paragraphs 31 - 34) where possible. All large commercial aircraft have escape slides on the main doors but some also have slides for exits over the wings. Let us know your thoughts and experiences in the comments. The new slide/raft design was put forward to the International Air Transport Association (IATA), by Jack Grant, Qantas operations safety superintendent. 35 People positioning, using and supervising the use of vehicles and other access equipment should be competent to undertake this work safely. 17 Where doors are opened from outside by ground handlers such as caterers, the guidance in SIM 05/2008/02 applies. RE: 737 And 757 Ground Height #4708763 BY phollingsworth - Thu Feb 09, 2006 5:44 am Taking the FWD entry door sill height as an example. There are a number of reasons for all of the above, which we will take a look at now. The over-wing exits on the Airbus A320 series, Airbus A380, Boeing 747, Boeing 757, Boeing 767 and Boeing 777 aircraft use ramp slides in various configurations. doors four on each side of the airplane These procedures are usually placarded red on the slide, "For Ditching Use Only". If not. This damage can be classified as follows: reach the 787-8 receptacles can be used. For the slide to deploy correctly, it is packed in a manner that has the aspirators directly under the outer cover. I know they had smaller engines, but surely that fuselage must've been really close to the ground?. The 737 was originally designed to fly to airports that weren't handling jet aircraft, so there was a set of airstairs that stowed under the L1 door. Independent of the inflation system, all slides are equipped with at least one pressure relief device per inflation chamber. 's laboratory values. The high pressure of the cabin forces the wedge-shaped, plug-like door into its socket. When he tired of the cracking and got ready to do some eating, he discovered he had 194 total pieces (whole nuts, shell halves, and kernels). Again, airliners can generally cope with turbulence, but it is preferable to avoid it if possible. Hope this helps. [9] Certain slides on board the aircraft have the Tribrid Inflation System, which is connected to a sensing system within the door. Photo: Jake Hardiman | Simple Flying, DHL Boeing 757's cargo door opened inflight, similar situation befell another PIA aircraft, European Airlines Plan To Hit Back At Short-Haul Flight Bans, Delta Air Lines Commits To 12 More Airbus A220s, Emirates' Airbus A380 Will Return To Casablanca In April, Israir Makes $43.7 Million Bid To Buy Smartwings, Why Runway Excursions Happen & How They Can Be Prevented. A dual lane slide is one that is capable of carrying two parallel lines of evacuees and is typically used at the main doors on Widebody aircraft. It also made inspection and work on the engines very easy. On an aircraft without a Live TV Master Power Switch, how many circuit breakers should be pulled in the event of a fire? 777 airplanes. Short hops or longer routes - the E190 has the versatility to go the distance. Thankfully, the nature of physics renders this task impossible. The 787-8 is equipped with eight passenger entry The manufacturer's instruction should include a method of work for safely opening the door and positioning the steps. Wind will determine how fast the aircraft is travelling across the ground on touchdown and how long it will need to brake thereafter. Slides can be single or dual lane, depending on the width of the exit they are fitted to and in testing must show a nominal exit rate of 70 people per minute per lane. FUEL RECEPTACLE GROUND HEIGHT 26 Once an aircraft door is open and guarded steps are in position, the access may be used by authorised cleaners, security, airline employees, or passengers as necessary without risk of falls from unguarded edges. Props and jets from the good old days, Flight Decks Specifically, several members of this group were former McDonnell Douglas engineers. State the rationale for any abnormalities and identify any treatment needed. 50 Advice on enforcement is given in paragraphs 56 - 63 describing a number of scenarios that inspectors may encounter, to aid the inspector when they are considering enforcement. Powered wheelchairs andscooters almost always have to be stored underneath the airplane in the cargo hold. Airliners.net is the leading community for discovering and sharing high-quality aviation photography. Both military and civil versions, Blimps / Airships Latch-on guarantees fore and aft and vertical alignment of the loader bed with the aircraft doorway, when used in . Here are the 10 steps from arrival to take-off: 1. What is the height from the ground to the bottom of the cargo door on a KC-135? Cargo Door (LH) Clear Opening Width: 134 in (3.4 m) Height: 103 in (2.6 m) Forward Lower Deck Cargo Door Clear Door Opening Width: 134 in (above rollers)(3.4 m) Height: 69 in (1.7 m) Aft Lower Deck Cargo Door Clear Door Opening Width: 70 in (above rollers)(1.7 m) Height: 69 in (1.7 m) (24) 88 in x 125 in x 96 in Longitudinal Pallets/Containers For further information on the MoU, see Appendix 1 guidance and reference material. What are the TSA security procedures for wheelchair users? Ground Height). 53 As part of a longer term strategy the Transportation Section is engaging with airlines and with vehicle and aircraft manufacturers and designers to raise awareness of requirements for safe access. Views from inside the cockpit, Aircraft Cabins Aircraft where there is no over-wing slide, such as the Embraer 190, 717, and 737 do not require them by regulation because when the flaps are fully lowered, they are low enough to the ground to meet the requirement. Thanks for any help or direction where i can find this answer. This sort of thing is extremely unlikely, but it does happen occasionally. When the slide is in the armed position and the door is opened, the slide pack falls free of the door bustle (a semi-rigid outer container) and the weight and momentum of the slide pulls the lanyard from the valve, initiating the flow of gas. The plane set to take off for Puerto Rico struck the tail of another JetBlue plane with no one inside. Contravention of the ANO or any Regulations made under it is a criminal offence. Table 1: Risks of serious injury requiring immediate action, including consideration of a Prohibition Notice. Plus if a plane goes higher, it has to burn more fuel in order to get there. Everything from the Goodyear blimp to the Zeppelin, Night Photos An article in Time by Amanda Ripley, with the assistance of aviation safety expert Dan Johnson, compiled some tips on how to avoid injury and escape from a plane on an inflatable slide. Airport overviews from the air or ground, Tails and Winglets Air pressure is measured in kilopascals (kPa). 9 Airlines have the ultimate responsibility for procedures for opening their aircraft doors. [3] The patent for the inflatable escape chute assembly was submitted by Boyle in 1954 and the designs was patented in 1956 under patent number 2,765,131. Be sure to read my blog post on how to prevent damage to power wheelchairs on airplanesand also the FAQ article, 4 ways to prevent wheelchair damage in air travel. Accident, incident and crash related photos, Air to Air Can I store my manual wheelchair on the airplane? This is not a factor in commercial flying. 3 Risks to ground handlers and aircraft crew have been identified during opening of the aircraft door, when the door must be cracked and then opened, sometimes swinging out from the aircraft body. Airliners.net is the leading community for discovering and sharing high-quality aviation photography. Some switches illuminate a ____ light when they are selected ON, to advise the crew that they are selected on and operating. Potable Water pressure is provided by _________. This incident occurred due to a passenger on the 777 mistaking the door for a bathroom while on the ground in Manchester. Lower aircraft usually do not require such means of access, and have not been taken into account. Both slides and slide/rafts use non-explosive, inert gas inflation systems. 33 Detailed consideration of the use of fall arrest or fall restraint equipment when opening aircraft doors from a high loader platform can be found in SIM 05/2008/02. A dramatic video shot on a smartphone from the ground shows the last moments before the plane crashed in a gorge about 1.6 kilometers (a mile) from newly opened Pokhara International Airport. Check these cargo hold dimensions! Today some of the corporate jets can fly at 51,000 feet. Wheelchairs that cannot fit upright in the cargo hold my be loaded and stored on their side, which is a recipe for significant damage to the wheelchair. But there are good reasons for how high planes fly. Can I check my wheelchair at the boarding gate? Aircraft doors refer to passenger doors, cargo doors and ground service access doors to various areas of the fuselage. The failure to undertake a risk assessment should be dealt with by reference to the EMM. This is rarely used however, because the lanyard attached to the handle runs through the girt to the valve, which is several inches too short when the girt is extended fully. Therefore small planes generally fly between 2000 and 10,000 feet. An escape slide is required on all commercial (passenger carrying) aircraft where the door sill height is such that, in the event of an evacuation, passengers would be unable to step down from the door uninjured (Federal Aviation Administration requires slides on all aircraft doors where the floor is 6 feet (1.8m) or more above the ground). AIRCRAFT MODEL: WINGSPAN: HEIGHT: LENGTH: A300: 147 ft: 2 in: 54 ft: 6 in: 177 ft: 3 in: A300-600R & 600F: 147 ft: 1 in: 54 ft: 7 in: 177 . Aircraft General DIMENSIONS Width : 35.79 m Lenght : 39.5 m . [11], Inadvertent slide deployment occurs when the operator of the aircraft door attempts to open the door when it is in the armed position. At wide doors typical on large aircraft these will be "dual lane" slides capable of carrying two parallel lines of evacuees. 1) apply the standards detailed in this SIM when inspecting or discussing opening aircraft doors; 2) alert the Transportation Section to any problems which arise from applying these standards, or any of the other advice contained in this SIM; 3) draw to the attention of the Section any new or innovative means of gaining safe access or fall protection; 4) advise CAA of any matters of concern relating to the safety of aircraft uncovered during inspections or investigations; 5) inform the Transportation Section when contacting CAA to raise an issue of concern. Door opening may be from inside or outside the aircraft but must be according to agreed procedures, to avoid any risk of accidental activation of the emergency chute. Chloride 103 mEq/L \ 36 Users should be instructed in the use and limitations of access equipment, and the limits on their authority to modify it. AASI JETCRUZER. 787-8 DOOR LOCATIONS AND DIMENSIONS gallons (126,917 liters). 59 Consideration should be given to risk control systems for equipment procurement, maintenance and thorough examination, as well as training in procedures, selection and use of equipment, systems for maintaining edge protection and restricting access to unguarded edges, and management control of contractors. This means that planes flying in opposite directions to each other are at least 1000 feet apart, so avoiding a possible collision and making for safer flights. How can I reduce the risk of my wheelchair being damaged? Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. 12 Some aircraft doors are automated or semi-automated which can reduce the risks of approaching an unguarded edge to open or close the door. As soon as a plane lands and clears the active runway, the pilots receive taxi instructions from ground controllers. The airline released a statement on . Modern airliners are incredibly safe most of the time, but should something happen which means an emergency landing is required, high altitude gives the pilots much longer to sort things out and find a safe place to land. A 750-cubic-inch (12.3-litre) gas cylinder can fill a slide with about 850cuft (24m3) of air to a pressure of about 3psi (0.20atm) in about four to six seconds. So there has to be a balance, which is the reason for the fairly specific altitudes generally used by airliners. 14) BS EN 12312 Aircraft ground support equipment - specific requirements: Part 8: maintenance stairs and platforms - due for publication. 54 Where inspectors consider that an airline has responsibilities for safety such as procedures for opening aircraft doors, they should contact the Transportation Section and airline Head Office lead PI to check the national situation before taking any enforcement action. This contrasts with the Boeing 747 as doors found on that aircraft have no such system; should the slide not reach the ground, the doors must be blocked to prevent passenger injury. Indeed, they often fly much lower than this. All cabin door are equipped with a ______. This type is a rectangular opening of not less than 20 inches wide by 36 inches high with corner radii not greater than seven inches, and with a step-up inside the airplane of not more than 20 inches. Flight 1603 went back to the gate and was taken out of service. Once the bridge is positioned communication between cabin crew and ground handlers is paramount. After all, inward-opening cargo doors would reduce the available space for a freight aircraft's goods. The main reason for airliners flying so high is that it saves fuel and therefore saves money, which is always a priority for airlines. It also made inspection and work on the engines very easy. The Management Regulations also set out requirements for co-operation and co-ordination between employers. What is so special about the outboard arm rest on each pilot seat? Aircraft painted in beautiful and original liveries, Airport Overviews 22 Once the door is open adjustable guard rails on the access steps should be extended and locked in place such that the risk of any personnel/ equipment falling through the gaps between the aircraft and access steps is minimised. An extreme case of this sort of disaster was the US Airways aircraft which was forced to land on the Hudson river after a bird strike. In such cases, safety equipment must be used and certain precautions followed. A list of aircraft types and the dimensions of their cargo holds can be found below: Should the wheelchair require some minor disassembly to meet the size requirements of the cargo hold, airline staff are obliged to do this for you as per ACAA regulation 14 CFR 382.41 (h), provided you offerwritten instructions. Sodium 138 mEq/L \ Inspectors are encouraged to enquire into manufacturers' and airline guidance on such things as opening aircraft doors and positioning of access equipment, and to ensure that safe access is covered as part of routine employee training programmes. Carriers may require that passengers wishing to have battery powered wheelchairs transported on a flight check-in one hour prior to scheduled departure. Further guidance is also contained in various British and European standards on which the Transportation Section can advise. Where are the Live TV circuit breakers located? Cabin Door Safety Strap This is all in addition to any maintenance that is specified by the manufacturer. 60 Given the potential for injury it is essential that a suitable and sufficient risk assessment is carried out. This will require specific training to be provided for each type of vehicle, equipment, guarding system or fall restraint system used. Delta Air Lines' departing Boeing 737 plane then came to a safe stop on the John F. Kennedy International Airport runway as the other crossed in front around 8:45 p.m., the Federal Aviation . In the longer term we should be asking companies to come up with a programme and timetable for replacement or improvement of equipment where necessary. What is the condition of the Slide Arming Lever when the yellow arm plate is down and flush with the door? Our large helicopter section. Aircraft safety cards and in-flight safety demonstrations show the passengers where the nearest emergency exits are and how to use the evacuation slides. Training should include aircraft manufacturers requirements, awareness of emergency chute operation and deactivation and risk of falls. 56 Table 1 sets out some risks of serious personal injury that require immediate action, after which further action may be necessary to secure compliance and to achieve the benchmark of negligible risk of serious personal injury. But there are good reasons for how high planes fly. Our large helicopter section. How many video display units are installed in the cockpit? It should be noted that every airplane has a certified maximum altitude. In the center, forward part of the pack, a multi-layered piece of heavy urethane or neoprene/nylon fabric, called the girt, is left hanging out to a length of about 2ft (0.61m). Aircraft doors are designed to be used on the ground, where they are not subjected to the pressure difference found at altitude. CAA is tasked with investigating and enforcing under the Air Navigation Order (ANO) and with in-flight health and safety of crew under The Civil Aviation (Working Time) Regulations 2004. The 757 sits very high, making it, I think, much more imposing looking. Passenger Instead the precautions will be identified solely on the basis of an assessment of the risks involved. Aircraft ground equipment Passenger boarding bridge or transfer vehicle Requirements for interface with aircraft doors. The FAA requires evacuation of the entire aircraft in 90 seconds using 50% of the available evacuation exits. And a substantial majority of small planes are flown for recreational purposes, and pilots enjoy flying lower, where they can see things below them. 35,000 feet or thereabouts is the altitude at which fuel efficiency is greatest, while there is still enough oxygen available to power the engines. To activate the slide, one must pull the front cover to a 90 degree angle, then pull the slide out so it is lying flat on the floor or door sill, open the emergency exit and kick or push it out. Pictures of great freighter aircraft, Government Aircraft In addition, jet engines operate more efficiently at high altitudes, meaning the plane can travel faster while at the same time burning less fuel. Indeed, a similar situation befell another PIA aircraft in 2019. This line will break if the airframe submerges, or can be disconnected with a pre-supplied knife or disconnect handle. Last month, a DHL Boeing 757's cargo door opened inflight in Germany, although, thankfully, the aircraft was able to land safely and without injuries to its crew. Note that powered wheelchairs with a reclining seatback often require much more significant disassembly. Depending on the size of your wheelchair/scooter, you may need to fold down your seatback in order for it to fit into the hold. Photos taken by airborne photographers of airborne aircraft, Special Paint Schemes Wing Anti-ice is operated in flight when required by icing conditions, but can also be operated for _____ on the ground for testing purposes. Props and jets from the good old days, Flight Decks It is proposed that catering of the new Airbus A380 can be carried out via upper deck doors. To be suitable the assessment should consider the issues identified above. What happens if an airline damages my wheelchair? Typically there are two high pressure hoses attached to the valve, which are connected at the other end to aspirators. Depending on Aircraft Gross weight and strut compression, the I'm surprised to see the door height of the 732 even lower than that of the 733/4! To compensate for any wind, new evacuation slides contain internal baffles, which cause the ends nearest the aircraft to inflate first, which are constructed to come out like four elbows and press against the fuselage of the aircraft to the forward and aft sides of the exit door. As the larger member of the A220 Family, the A220-300 is perfectly tailored for the 120-160 seat market. Seeing a gap in the market for a regional aircraft with mainline capabilities, we launched the E190. What is the normal configuration for switches and lights on the A320? The highest certified altitude of an airliner was Concordes 60,000 feet. Potassium 2.Smmol/L \ Tail and Winglet closeups with beautiful airline logos. 46 The roles and responsibilities of HSE and CAA and a framework for liaison are outlined in a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to ensure coordination of policy issues, enforcement activity and investigation in respect of aircraft and the systems in which they operate. If carried out externally there may be impact from the weather conditions such as high winds. [8] Even where only a Type I slide is fitted it has sufficient buoyancy to act as an aid in the event of a water landing. The . Photos taken by airborne photographers of airborne aircraft, Special Paint Schemes It works by sounding an audible alert (voice) when the door operator, whether trained or not, is about to open the door in the armed position. 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