[2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Johns died at Rouen in 1435 during negations with the Burgundians who were breaking their alliance with the English to make a separate peace with the French. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. Humphrey Gloucester, duke of, 13911447, English nobleman; youngest son of Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. Only loud protests caused the ungrateful Charles VII to give Jean a decent burial instead of a paupers grave. As a mere girl she shouldnt have been wearing trousers and she certainly shouldnt have been leading French armies that thrashed English armies. The play focuses on his role as the last English Regent of France. Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. [S20] Magna Carta Ancestry: A study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Richardson, Douglas, (Kimball G. Everingham, editor. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Yolande of Aragon (11 August 1384 14 November 1442) was Queen of Aragon and Naples, Duchess of Anjou and Countess of Provence. This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. He took the reigns of power for his brother three times in total. In 1988, Breton nationalists erected a statue in his honour on the site. He married Anne de Bourgogne duchesse de Bedford on 14 June 1423, in Troyes, Aube, Champagne-Ardenne, France. (Henry IVs parents were John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford). 1389-1435. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford or John of Lancaster (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) of the House of Lancaster An English nobleman of the House of Lancaster was the third son of Henry IV of England and Mary of Beauchamp, brother of Henry V of England and uncle of Henry VI of England. Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford, 26. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. [S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., 1967 ed. John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford - definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford by The Free Dictionary In the Philippa Gregory novel, "Lady of the Rivers" John features as the first husband of main character, Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Bedford defeated the French several times, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. ., La Chesnaye-Desbois, Franois Alexandre Aubert de, (3rd edition. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 14221432[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belong to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. He dies while sitting in a chair at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his fellow countrymen. He was given several important commands and also played a larger part in the day to day governing of England, even passing the death sentence on the Lollard rebel John Oldcastle. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. [S6] G.E. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (= 20). In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. His demise further weakened the stability of the English court where opposing and increasingly vociferous factions now had no one sufficiently intimidating to hold them in check. http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, 20. He was born in 1389. . He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. 1 p. 244 table 2 pt. It was not until 1422, upon the premature death of the king, that Bedford became a true political colossus within both England and France. Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Learn how your comment data is processed. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. Yolande retired to Saumur in Anjou, the site of a famous shrine to the Breton saint Aubin. He died in 1435 at the age of forty-six at the siege of Rouen. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. In June 1433, Jean died penniless and in debt. [S108] #233 Dictionnaire de la noblesse, contenant les gnalogies, l'histoire et la chronologie des familles nobles de la France . Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder brother's lands in 1383, and receiv, John of Lignres, or Johannes de Lineriis, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford Born: June 20, 1389 Died: September 14, 1435 Rouen, France (Age 46) John in History John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. Artist unknown. Bedford was declared Regent of France, his nephew technically being heir to the throne of that country as well as to the Kingdom of England. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. [S37] #93 [Book version] The Dictionary of National Biography: from the Earliest Times to 1900 (1885-1900, reprint 1993), Stephen, Leslie, (22 volumes. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. John (given name) 1389 births 1435 deaths Knights of the Garter House of Lancaster Dukes of Bedford People of the Hundred Years' War Deaths in Rouen Non-topical/index: Uses of Wikidata Infobox Uses of Wikidata Infobox with no family name Uses of Wikidata Infobox with unknown country category Men by name People by name Deceased people by name Reprint Paris: Editions du Palais Royal, 1967-1968), FHL book 944 D5a; FHL microfilms 532,231-532,239., vol. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. In Tony Milne's play "Bloody Bedford", he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. 1 p. 240, vol. Brother of Edward Plantagenet, of Lancaster; Henry V of England; Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence; Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester; Blanche Plantagenet, of Lancaster, England, and 1 other; and Philippa of Lancaster, Princess of England, Queen of Denmark, Sweden & Norway less He became the Lord Protector during Johns long absences in France. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. Collapse. His wife died that year and, although he remarried the following year, he was clearly losing control of the situation in France. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. His mother died when he was just five. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. 2 p. 548. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. When the French King was unable to raise an army, Jean spent his wealth to raise one for him. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. definition - John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford. When John of Lancaster 1st Duke of Bedford was born on 20 June 1389, in Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England, his father, Henry IV, was 22 and his mother, Mary de Bohun, was 21. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, 10. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I. Geni requires JavaScript! Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. Georgette Heyer wrote the book My Lord John about him from when he was four to about twenty. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. John de Teye Via Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Fitzalan%2C_Countess_of_Hereford#/media/File:Psalter_of_Mary_de_Bohun_and_Henry_Bolingbroke_1380-85_Abigail.jpg Public Domain, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester. He died on 14 September 1435, in Rouen, Normandie, France, at . In the Bedford Book of Hours [5] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold uprooted tree-stumps. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. John was the third son and he was followed by Humphrey. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. . Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. He had no legitimate surviving issue.[5]. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Son of Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun, Countess of Derby Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, 12. He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. He had no legitimate surviving issue. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. Yolande was a strong early supporter of Joan of Arc, arranged Arthurs appointment as Constable of France, and deployed a female spy ring in Lorraine, Burgundy, Brittany and Charless court. In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. John , duke of Bedford (13891435), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14844, accessed 1 Nov 2009]document.write(printCitationDate()). In, Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray, 1st duke of (136699). William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, 6. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]), William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (left). Death of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford at R Burial of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. Bedford then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI in Paris. All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign . He was lieutenant of the kingdom during Henry's absences in France. Appears in: Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2; Henry V; Henry VI, Part 1. In 2 Henry IV he is portrayed in a negative light when he dupes the Archbishop and Earl Marshal into dismissing their army, before arresting them for treason. http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I1123&tree=E http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I10386&tree= http://histfam.familysearch.org/getperson.php?personID=I197520&tree http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/bedford.htm, http://www.thepeerage.com/p10187.htm#i101867. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. Encyclopedia.com. Family History Department. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. The Plantagenet family were moving ever closer to implosion. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. London: Constable and Co., 1910-1911), FHL microfilm 88,003., vol. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV, John of Lancaster began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, 14. He founded the University of Caen and had a collection of important religious manuscripts, many of which survive today including The Bedford Hours which is held by the British Library. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted . This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. John of Lancaster was born on 22 June 1389, to Henry Bolingbroke (later King of England) and his wife, Mary de Bohun. In reality, it was the Earl of Westmorland who talked down the rebels. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. He was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Grey Suffolk, duke of, d. 1554, English nobleman. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belong to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. Select from premium John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford of the highest quality. Catherine of Valois or Catherine of France (27 October 1401 - 3 January 1437) was Queen of England from 1420 until 1422. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. The Oxford Companion to British History. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. In any event Henry of Monmouth shook boorish habits from him as soon as he became king and went off to do what medieval English nobility expected of their monarchs he went to war with someone, gained victory and land. Find John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. Although Queen Isabeau agreed to cede the throne of France to Henry VI, Yolande, perceiving the threat posed to Anjou by the growing power of Burgundy, took the dissenting French court and the young Charles to the safety of Provence. After Anne's death in childbirth in 1432, he married Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Husband of Anne de Burgundy and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. 3 p. 842. Contents 1 Life account 2 Family 3 Succession 4 In literature 5 Titles, styles, honours and arms 5.1 Arms 6 Ancestry 7 References This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. [S14] #236 Encyclopdie gnalogique des maisons souveraines du monde (1959-1966), Sirjean, Gaston, (Paris: Gaston Sirjean, 1959-1966), FHL book 944 D5se., vol. Historically, John was only fourteen at the time of the battle, but, considering that boys were put into battle at relatively young ages, it is possible that he may have at least been on the battlefield. Brandon managed a spectacular career from modest beginnings. However it fell to John to continue the English campaign in France despite the fact that he had been named Regent. Jean de Brosse, Marshal of France, deserves honourable mention in any accounts of Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War. In the Bedford Book of Hours [7] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold uprooted tree-stumps. 1726. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 123-124. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful King but for the baby Henry VI. John died during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. Jacquetta of Luxembourg was well-educated and so loved books that the Duke of Bedford bequeathed her his library. "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. 3 p. 726. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Unfortunately, John of Lancaster had moved her to Rouen where he executed her. He maintained his loyalty to his father, brother and nephew until the day he died. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). He was brought up in highly eloquent fashion like his other brothers and was well educated. A son of Sir William Brandon, standar, duke. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of, 1389-1435, English nobleman; third son of Henry IV of England and brother of Henry V. At the death (1422) of his brother and succession of his 9-month-old nephew, Henry VI, Bedford was designated as regent of France and protector of England. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. John died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of Joyeux Repos, Rouen, Caux, France, without legitimate surviving issue. Unfortunately, he was left with such an impossible situation to deal with in France, but dealt with it to the best of his abilities. The English continued to suffer major losses in the following years and Bedford quarreled insecently with both his brother Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, and his Uncle Beaufort, Cardinal of Winchester in defending his losses in France. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [6] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. [S443] #2051 Memorials of the Family of Scott of Scot's-hall in the County of Kent, Scott, James Renat, (2 volumes. This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. Refresh and try again. 146 relations. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage, Volume XIV. Her name was Joan of Arc. ." Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. 17294), which were both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 1420-23, which is English (BL Ms Add 42131). Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. . The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. Bedford then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI in Paris. Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window). [S16] #894 Cahiers de Saint-Louis (1976), Louis IX, Roi de France, (Angers: J. Saillot, 1976), FHL book 944 D22ds., vol. 1885-1900. Yolande taught Margaret etiquette, literature and accounting: had she married a sane king, Margaret would have been a great asset to England. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign of his nephew, Henry VI. Relevance. By the late 1420's, however, the French, under the guidance of the new King Charles VII and a young girl named Joan of Arc, began to fight back furiously. Father of Infant; N.N. Bedford, of course, was held responsible by many of his peers for the losses in France. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. Chipps Smith, Jeffrey (1984). Oxford: John Johnson, 1928), FHL book Q 929.242 W159w; FHL microfilm 1696491 it., vol. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. Despite his military and administrative . 189 related topics. - John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. She caused a scandal after Johns death by marrying a mere knight called Richard Woodville. Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 24. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. After the Percies (the family that had played the biggest role in putting Henry on the throne) unsuccessfully rebelled against the king in 1403, John, along with many others, shared in the spoils they left behind and considerably increased his wealth. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. He was born in 1389. He married Jacquette de Luxembourg (c1415-1472) 1433 JL The Oxford Companion to British History. [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. The Bretons were so moved by the impoverished state of Jeans son Jean II that Nicole de Chtillon-Blois married him on 18 June 1437, bringing a large dowry that was vastly supplemented when she inherited the fabulously wealthy County of Penthievre in Brittany. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. [S23] #849 Burke's Guide to the Royal Family (1973), (London: Burke's Peerage, c1973), FHl book 942 D22bgr., p. 202. Joans army took the Loire Valley and defeated the English after which she had King Charles VII of France crowned at Rheims which was against the treaty that the French had agreed to after Agincourt which saw King Henry V marry Katherine of Valois. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical p. He had no legitimate surviving issue. Religion Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. This left Humphrey at home. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. File:Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg. About John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI." In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Not that this stopped Humphrey from dabbling in politics in an attempt to destabilize Johns alliances with other European magnates. In 1399, his father deposed King Richard II and crowned himself as King Henry IV. Error rating book. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. Original file (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). 2nd edition, 2011), vol. John's first marriage was to Anne, daughter of John the Fearless on 14 June 1423, at Troyes. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. Throughout his life he identified himself with his brother's policies, especially in pursuing English claims to the French throne. Retrieved January 16, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. Welcome back. ." 17294), which were both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 1420-23, which is English (BL Ms Add 42131). John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. [S7] #44 Histoire de la maison royale de France anciens barons du royaume: et des grands officiers de la couronne (1726, reprint 1967-1968), Saint-Marie, Anselme de, (3rd edition. 2 p. 63-64. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke, JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. 1435 . Although Bedford was able to maintain his brother's achievements in France for several years after his death, the situation was becoming impossible to maintain. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere. The couple were happily married, despite being childless. Today, a plaque marks its former location. Since the conditions of the Treaty of Troyes in 1420 had specified that Henry V would become King of France following the death of the French King Charles VI, it became clear that an infant would now be king of two kingdoms very soon. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. He married Anne of Burgundy (1404-1432) 1423 JL in Amiens. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. Prince John first appears in 1 Henry IV where he fights for his father at the Battle of Shrewsbury. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Stratford, Jenny. ." [S15] Les Valois (1990), Van Kerrebrouck, Patrick, (Villeneuve d'Ascq [France]: P. Van Kerrebrouck, 1990), FHL book 929.244 V247k., p. 367. 16 Jan. 2023 . As Regent of France, Bedford had the huge responsibility of not only keeping and maintaining the territories that his brother had conquered, but expanding English interests in France. Bedford achieved a significant victory in 1424 at Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. The Oxford Companion to British History. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. (January 16, 2023). He was forced to raise the siege of Orleans in 1429 on account of the peasant girl. Advertizing Wikipedia ", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Bedford, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93572472. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. John had his young nephew crowned King of France in Paris so that for a little while at least there were technically two kings of France at the same time, though it rather depended where you were as to which one you recognised in public. Posted on September 14, 2014 by JuliaH. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War.Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. Joan of Arc was heavily supported by Yolande of Aragon and Arthur of Brittany, neither of whom receives the credit they deserve. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. There was also the small matter of Humphrey antagonizing the next most important man in the kingdom during Henry VIs minority Henry Beaufort who was the Bishop of Lincoln, a key figure on the regency council and the half-uncle of Henry IVs children. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422-1432,[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. After his release, Arthur persuaded his brother Duke John of Brittany to sign a peace treaty with England, but when the English denied Arthur his patrimony, the Earldom of Richmond, he reverted to the French cause and proceeded to undermine the English war strategy by arranging the Treaty of Arras whereby Burgundy changed sides. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. When John's eldest brother Henry was crowned as Henry V in 1413, John was given a number of important responsibilities and was awarded several titles, most importantly, the Duchy of Bedford. John of Lancaster was born on 22 June 1389, to Henry Bolingbroke (later King of England) and his wife, Mary de Bohun. 11 p. 834. 2. Marburg: J.A. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. However, the date of retrieval is often important. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. Stargardt, 1953-1978), FHL book 940 D5f; FHL microfilms 251,160 items 1-3., vol. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. A daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry V of England and gave birth to his heir Henry VI of England.Catherine's marriage was part of a plan to eventually place Henry V on the throne of France, and perhaps end what is now known as the Hundred Years' War . As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[6]. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regentof Francefor his nephew Henry VI. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (miniature from Bedford Hours) Born 20 June 1389 Died 14 September 1435 (aged 46) Castle of 'Joyeux Repos', Rouen: Burial Rouen Cathedral, Normandy: Spouse Anne of Burgundy m. 1423; dec. 1432 Jacquetta of Luxembourg m. 1433; wid. preface lxiv. Duke of Bedford. He was born in 1389. [S98] #18 Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europischen Staaten (1953-1978), Isenburg, Wilhelm Karl , Prinz von and Frank Baron von Freytag-Loringhoven, (5 volumes. Information from its description page there is shown below. 3 p. 173, vol. His brother, Henry V, led a campaign against France in 1415. And he is famous, or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the stake for witchcraft. London: Scott, Clevelands, Walthamstow, 1876), FHL book Q 929.242 Sco84sk., p. 170. Biography. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. Partner of NN NN, Mistress or Mistresses Elizabeth Woodville suggested amendments to one of Anthonys books and may have also been a patron of Caxtons. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. Johns eldest brother was Henry of Monmouth who went on to become King Henry V after a dissolute youth causing his father Henry IV despair (refer to Shakespeare Henry IV Part One and Part Two for a full litany of drinking, gambling and womanising along with princely reformation). John of Lancaster was born in Rouen, Normandy on 20 June 1389, the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. Bedford defeated the French several times, most notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. Duke of Bedford. 29 p. 427-435. Much of the period of Henry VIs minority is filled with the political machinations of John and Humphrey who was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. Duke of Bedford (named after Bedford, England) is a title that has been created six times (for five distinct people) in the Peerage of England. The Lady of the Rivers (The Plantagenet and Tudor Novels, #1), My Lord of Bedford, 1389 - 1435: Being the Life of John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford, Brother of Henry V and Regent of France, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Thomas de Courtenay, 5th/13th Earl of Devon, Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, Sir Richard Vernon, 8th Baron of Shipbrook, Richard le Scrope, Bishop of Lichfield and Archbishop of York, Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey, Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Vernon of the Yorkist (White Rose) Faction, Basset of the Lancastrian (Red Rose) faction, General of the French Garrison at Bordeaux. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. 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